安全基地型领导与员工创新行为

《外国经济与管理》 2021年43卷第1期 页码：108 - 120，135  online：2021年1月9日

安全基地型领导与员工创新行为

Secure-base Leadership and Employee Innovative Behavior

作者（中）：崔智淞1, 王弘钰1, 李孟燃2 *

作者（英）：Cui Zhisong1, Wang Hongyu1, Li Mengran2 *

作者单位：1.吉林大学 商学院，吉林 长春 130012 2.东北师范大学 商学院，吉林 长春 130012

摘要：安全基地型领导是一种通过向下属提供安全基地，从而使他们勇于探索、承担风险和寻求挑战的领导行为。本文基于依恋理论揭示了安全基地型领导与员工创新行为之间的关系，并探讨了员工心理安全感和创新自我效能感在两者之间的中介效应以及焦虑型依恋风格的调节作用。采用三阶段的调研方式，搜集290份企业员工问卷调查数据，运用结构方程模型、Bootstrap和层次回归分析法对数据进行了统计处理。研究结果表明：安全基地型领导能够促进员工创新行为；安全基地型领导主要通过提升员工的心理安全感和创新自我效能感进而激发员工实施创新行为；员工的焦虑型依恋风格对安全基地型领导的发挥产生促进作用，即员工的焦虑型依恋倾向越高，安全基地型领导对其心理安全感的影响越强；员工的焦虑型依恋风格不能显著强化安全基地型领导对员工创新自我效能感的影响。本研究的结论不仅丰富了安全基地型领导作用机制的研究成果，而且为企业管理者有效激发员工创新行为提供了实践启示。

关键词：安全基地型领导; 创新行为; 心理安全感; 创新自我效能感; 焦虑型依恋风格

Summary: Secure-base leadership is the way a leader builds trust and influences others by providing a sense of protection, safety and caring and by providing a source of inspiration that together produce energy for exploration-daring, risk-taking and challenge-seeking. Unlike traditional leadership styles, secure-base leadership helps employees to step out of their comfort zones and maximize their potentials by integrating between “care” and “dare”. Despite of its enormous research value, there has been little empirical study on secure-base leadership yet. The findings from the extant literature are not able to provide an insight into the mediational path and boundary condition between secure-base leadership and some specific employee behaviors, which is not instructive to the theory construction of secure-base leadership and to provide practical guidance for corporations.To fill the above gaps, based on the attachment theory, we explore how secure-base leadership motivates employee innovative behavior. This study, first of all, explores the mediation effect of psychological safety and creative self-efficacy between secure-base leadership and employee innovative behavior from the perspective of psychological cognition. Then, it discusses the effectiveness of secure-base leadership from the perspective of attachment anxiety style. In total, 290 valid employee questionnaires were collected from three-wave survey in China. Hypotheses are tested by SEM,bootstrap and hierarchical regression analysis. Results show that: Secure-base leadership is positively related to employee innovative behavior, which is double mediated by psychological safety and creative self-efficacy. Attachment anxiety style strengthens the positive correlation between secure-base leadership and employees’ psychological safety, but it does not moderate the positive correlation between secure-base leadership and employees’ creative self-efficacy.This study has three theoretical contributions: First, this study focuses on the influence of secure-base leadership and finds that it can promote employee innovative behavior. Not only does this result promote the theory construction of secure-base leadership, but also it enriches the antecedent research on employee innovation. Second, from the perspective of attachment theory, this study fully reveals the mediational path between secure-base leadership and employee innovative behavior by considering both psychological safety and creative self-efficacy as mediators simultaneously. This not only expands the application of attachment theory in the field of organizational behavior, but also perfects the research on the psychological mechanism connecting secure-base leadership and employee innovative behavior. Last, by introducing attachment anxiety style as the moderator, this study further clarifies the boundary condition of the effectiveness of secure-base leadership.

Key words: secure-base leadership; innovative behavior; psychological safety; creative self-efficacy; attachment anxiety style

DOI：10.16538/j.cnki.fem.20200904.403

收稿日期：2020-5-1

基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（71872069）；教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目（18YJA630108）

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