【前沿追踪】数字化转型与企业绩效顶刊文献分享
数字化转型与企业绩效顶刊文献分享
企业数字化转型（Enterprise Digital Transformation），是指企业应用数字技术促进业务流程与商业模式变革的过程。企业的数字化转型为新时代企业探索和获取外部环境中的大数据、信息和知识创造了条件，并成为其消除沟通和知识流动边界的关键，可提高企业对外部知识的获取、消化、转化和利用效率。因此，在信息技术发展的驱动下，随着企业实施数字化的普遍性和重要性日益增加，现有研究越来越关注数字化与企业绩效的关系，并围绕二者之间的联系和影响机制展开了深入探讨。本次筛选四篇国外学术期刊论文，围绕“数字化转型与企业绩效”这一主题，探讨中小型企业的数字化转型对于敏捷性（agility）的影响，以及企业数字化转型的影响因素和推动企业绩效的路径问题。以期对此领域最新的国外研究进展进行梳理。
PART.1
How can SMEs successfully navigate VUCA environment: The role of agility in the digital transformation era
中小企业如何成功驾驭VUCA环境：敏捷性在数字化转型时代的作用
Keywords：
Agility; Digitization; Digital transformation; Innovation ability; Digital technology; Performance
关键词：
敏捷性；数字化；数字化转型；创新能力；数字技术；绩效
Abstract：
Organizational agility, that is the ability to anticipate or respond quickly to external changes, is essential to survive and compete in today's turbulent landscape, characterized by technological advancements and digitalization. Research on capabilities that enable firms to be agile in the so called VUCA environments, is still nascent. Hence, it is important to explore the antecedents of firm agility and to identify the factors enabling them to better compete. Even more so in the case of SMEs, as they are more vulnerable in hypercompetitive business environments and, at the same time, agility has been less studied in this context. Focusing on SMEs, the study investigates three antecedents of agility, namely digital technologies capability, relational capability and innovation capability, and the effects of agility on three outcomes, namely financial performance, product, and process innovation. Our findings indicate that these capabilities contribute to build organizational agility in SMEs and that, in turn, agility has a positive impact on performance, thus confirming that agility contributes to the success of SMEs and that digital technologies play a central role in this process. Thus, it is of strategic importance for SMEs to increase their efforts to develop these capabilities to build enduring businesses. They should nurture a relational and innovative culture, as well as transform their business culture starting from digital technologies.
摘要：
组织的敏捷性，即预测或快速响应外部变化的能力，对于在当今以技术进步和数字化为特征的动荡环境中生存和竞争至关重要。对使企业在VUCA环境中保持敏捷性能力的研究仍处于初级阶段。因此，探索企业敏捷性的前因后果，并确定使其能够更好地参与竞争的因素是非常重要的。对于中小企业来说更是如此，因为它们在竞争激烈的商业环境中更加脆弱。同时，在这种情况下对敏捷性的研究也较少。本研究以中小企业为重点，调查了敏捷性的三个前因，即数字技术能力、关系能力和创新能力，以及敏捷性对三个结果的影响，即财务业绩、产品和流程创新。研究结果表明，这些能力有助于建立中小企业的组织敏捷性。而且敏捷性对绩效有积极的影响，从而证实了敏捷性有助于中小企业的成功，而数字技术在这个过程中发挥了核心作用。因此，对中小企业来说，加大努力发展这些能力以构建持续性的经营是具有战略意义的。他们应该培养一种关系和创新文化，并从数字技术开始转变他们的商业文化。
参考文献：
Troise, C., Corvello, V., Ghobadian, A., & O'Regan, N. How can SMEs successfully navigate VUCA environment: The role of agility in the digital transformation era.Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2022,174, 121227.
PART.2
Can digital transformation promote enterprise performance? —From the perspective of public policy and innovation
数字化转型能否促进企业绩效？——从公共政策和创新的角度来看
Keywords：
Digital transformation; Enterprise performance; Public policy; Innovate
关键词：
数字化转型；企业绩效；公共政策；创新
Abstract：
As a new enterprise development model, digitization is of great significance to the development of economy and society. Using the data of relevant listed companies from 2012 to 2020, the panel measurement model is used to investigate the relationship between digital transformation and enterprise performance to further reveal the internal law of whether digital transformation helps to stimulate innovation momentum. The results show that digital transformation has greatly improved the performance of enterprises, and it can stimulate the momentum of enterprise innovation. Reducing costs, increasing revenue, improving efficiency, and encouraging innovation are the main paths for digital transformation to enable the development of enterprises, among which the policy effect of enterprise innovation is the most significant. This research is of great significance to improve the user demand orientation of enterprise innovation and research and development, as well as to realize the high-quality innovation and development of enterprises.
摘要：
作为一种新的企业发展模式，数字化转型对经济和社会的发展具有重要意义。本文利用相关上市公司2012-2020年的数据，采用面板模型研究了数字化转型与企业绩效之间的关系，进一步揭示了数字化转型是否有助于激发企业创新动力的内在规律。结果显示，数字化转型大大提升了企业绩效，并且能够激发企业的创新活力。降低成本、增加收入、提高效率、鼓励创新是数字化转型推动企业发展的主要路径。其中，企业创新的政策效应最为显著。这项研究对于提高企业创新研发的用户需求导向，实现企业高质量的创新发展具有重要意义。
参考文献：
Peng Y, Tao C. Can digital transformation promote enterprise performance?—From the perspective of public policy and innovation[J]. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 2022, 7(3): 100198.
PART.3
Does digital transformation improve the firm’s performance? From the perspective of digitalization paradox and managerial myopia
数字化转型是否提升了企业绩效?从数字化悖论和管理短视的角度
Keywords：
Digital transformation; Enterprise performance; Total factor productivity; Digital paradox; Management myopia
关键词：
数字化转型;企业绩效;全要素生产率;数字化悖论;管理短视
Abstract：
Following the resource-based view and upper echelons theory, we use data on Chinese A-share listed companies from 2013 to 2020 to investigate the effect of digital transformation on total factor productivity and firm performance, as well as the moderating effect of managerial myopia. The results show that digital transformation can significantly increase total factor productivity but decrease firm performance by increasing the operational cost rate, reducing total asset turnover, and increasing management expenses. Managerial myopia can significantly amplify the negative effects of digital transformation. Low- or high-digital transformation is not conducive to firm performance, whereas median-digital transformation can significantly improve firm performance. The more labor-intensive enterprises, the more negative the effect of digital transformation on firm performance. This study enriches and supplements the resource-based view and upper echelons theory and extends the research on the economic consequences of digital transformation based on the context of developing countries.
摘要：
本文基于资源基础观和高层梯队理论,利用2013 - 2020年中国A股上市公司数据,考察数字化转型对全要素生产率和企业绩效的影响,以及管理短视的调节作用。研究结果表明,数字化转型可以通过提高运营成本率、降低总资产周转率、增加管理费用等方式显著提高全要素生产率,但降低了企业绩效。管理短视会显著放大数字化转型的负面影响。低程度或高程度的数字化转型不利于企业绩效,而中度数字化转型能够显著提升企业绩效。企业的劳动密集性越高,数字化转型对企业绩效的负面影响就越大。本研究丰富和补充了资源基础观和高层梯队理论,拓展了基于发展中国家情境的数字化转型经济后果研究。
参考文献：
Guo X, Li M, Wang Y, Abbas M. Does digital transformation improve the firm’s performance? From the perspective of digitalization paradox and managerial myopia[J]. Journal of Business Research,2023,163.
PART.4
Exploring the effect of digital transformation on Firms’ innovation performance
探索探索数字化转型对企业创新绩效的影响
Keywords：
Digital transformation; Enterprise innovation; Enterprise digitization; Digital industry
关键词：
数字化转型；企业创新；企业数字化；数字化产业
Abstract：
The influence of digital industry and firm digitization on enterprise innovation has emerged as a critical research topic. To assess the impact of digital transformation on enhancing innovation output, we propose a game model of two organisations investing in digital transformation, analyze the index of enterprise digitalization level with Python tools for text analysis, and employ a fixed effect model. The findings indicate that firm digitalization and the level of regional digital industry innovation can both promote firm innovation. However, the regional digital industry innovation level can have a negative moderating effect on the firm digitalization innovation effect. Furthermore, the impact of firm digitalization on innovation is more visible in digital-related service industries. In other industries, the regional digital industry innovation level has a greater impact on innovation promotion. Due to firms' free-riding tendency in technology adoption, this study shows that the higher the level of digital industrialization in the region where the firm is located, the lower the marginal innovation efficiency of the firm's digital investment. When the level of development of digital industrialization in the region where a firm is located is higher, the "competitive effect" improves the marginal innovation efficiency of firms in adjacent areas, implying that digital industrialization has a spatial spillover effect. The relevant robustness test further verifies the conclusion of the empirical analysis. As a result, the digital industry should be given more attention and financial support.
摘要：
数字产业和企业数字化对企业创新的影响已成为一个重要的研究课题。为了评估数字化转型对提高创新产出的影响，我们提出了两个组织投资数字化转型的博弈模型。使用Python工具进行文本分析探究企业数字化水平指数，并采用固定效应模型。研究结果表明，企业数字化和区域数字产业创新水平都能促进企业创新。然而，区域数字产业创新水平对企业数字化创新效应具有负向调节作用。此外，企业数字化对创新的影响在与数字相关的服务行业更为明显。在其他行业，区域数字产业创新水平对创新促进的影响更大。由于企业在技术采用上的搭便车倾向，本研究表明，企业所在地区的数字工业化水平越高，企业数字投资的边际创新效率就越低。当企业所在地区的数字工业化发展水平较高时，“竞争效应”提高了相邻地区企业的边际创新效率，这意味着数字工业化具有空间溢出效应。相关稳健性检验进一步验证了实证分析的结论。因此，数字产业应该得到更多的关注和资金支持。
参考文献：
Li S, Gao L, Han C, et al. Exploring the effect of digital transformation on Firms’innovation performance[J]. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 2023, 8(1): 100317.
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图文：宁靓 李卫 刘斌 李倩蓉 王培伟
编辑：白丽艳 李隆辉
审核：姜忠辉 桑小凡