整理人/翻译 李时浩然 山东师范大学法学院硕士研究生
Max Gluckman,Custom and Conflict in Africa, Oxford:
Basil Blackwell,1966.马克斯·格拉克曼：《非洲的习俗与冲突》，Basil Blackwell出版社1966年版。格拉克曼：1955年春天，我在英国广播公司的第三栏目中做了这六次讲座。经过深思熟虑，我决定完全按照讲座的内容将其出版。我曾很想写一个序言和结语，并在几处加入进一步的说明。这些说明与讲座内容差距甚大而且会强化我的主要论点。但是我确切知道，一旦开始修改为广播节目准备的文稿，那么我就该着手写一本与之类型不同的书了。相当多的听众来信问我，这些讲座是否会被出版，以及是否与讲座中的内容相契合。所以，我甚至没有试图去定义论点中的两个关键概念，“冲突”和“凝聚力”，因为我希望在讨论这两个概念时，它们的含义会浮现出来。我只增加了一个英文书的阅读清单。
1.Allan,
W. Studies in African Land Usage in Northern Rhodesia, Cape Town: Oxford
University Press, Rhodes-Livingstone Paper 15 (1949). (A theoreticalanalysis of
African agriculture, with two specific studies.)2.Colson, E.,
and Gluckman, M. (editors). Seven Tribes of British
Central Africa, London: Oxford University Press for the Rhodes-Livingstone
Institute (1951). (General accounts of seven tribes studied by modernanthropologists.)3.Schapera, I.
(editor). The Bantu-speaking Tribes of South
Africa, London:
Routledge (1937). (Eighteen chapters on various aspects of the
African peoples.)1.Evans-Pritchard,
E. E. The Nuer: A Description of the Modes
of Livelihood and Political Institutions of a Nilotic People, Oxford: Clarendon Press
(1940); and Kinship and Marriage among the Nuer, Oxford: ClarendonPress (1951).
Also his The Sanusi of Cyrenaica, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1949).2.Cohan, E.
(i) Essay on Mazabuka Tonga in SevenTribes of British Central Africa (item 2); (ii) ‘Rain Shrines of the Plateau
Tonga of Northern Rhodesia’, in Africa, xviii (1948); and (iii) ‘Social Control inPlateau Tonga
Society’, in Africa, xxiii
(1953).3.Fortes, M. The Dynamics of Clanship among the Tallensi,London: Oxford University Press for the InternationalAfrican
Institute (1945).4.Fortes, M.,
and Evans-Pritchard, E. E. (editors). African Political Systems, London: Oxford University Press (1940).
(See ‘Preface’ by A. R. Radcliffe-Brown,Editors’ ‘Introduction’, and essays on BantuKavirondo,
Tallensi, and Nuer.)5.Nadel, S. F.The Nuba, London: Oxford UniversityPress (1948).1.Barnes, J. A., Mitchell, J. C., and Gluckman, M. ‘TheVillage
Headman in British Central Africa’, in Africa,xix
(1949).2.Evans-Pritchard,
E. E. (i) The Divine Kingship of
the Shilluk of the Nilotic Sudan (Frazer
Lecture, 1948), Cambridge University Press (1948); (ii)The Political System of the Anuak of the
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, London: Percy Lund, Humphries, for the London
School of Economics and Political Science (1940).3.Fortes, M.,
and Evans-Pritchard, E. E. ‘Introduction’ to African Political Systems (item 7).4.Gluckman, M.
(i) ‘The Kingdom of the Zulu of South Africa’ in African Political Systems (item 7, and essays on Ngwato, Bemba, Ankole,
and Kede by various authors in this volume); (ii) essay on ‘The Lozi of Barotseland
in North-western Rhodesia’ in Seven Tribes of British Central Africa (item 2); (iii) The Judicial Process among the Barotse of Northern Rhodesia, Manchester University Pres
(1955).5.Devons, E. Planning in Practice, Cambridge UniversityPress (1950)
.1.Gunnison, I. History on the Luapula, Cape Town:Oxford University Press, Rhodes-Livingstone
Paper 21 (1951)·2.Herskovits,
M. Dahomey, New York: Augustin
(1938).3.Kuper, H. An African Aristocracy: Rank among the Swazi of the
Protectorate, London: Oxford University Press for the International African
Institute (1947).4.Nadel,
S. F. A Black Byzantium: The
Kingdom of the Nupe of Nigeria, London: Oxford University
Press for the International African Institute (1942).5.Schapera,
I. (i) A Handbook of Tswana Law and
Custom, London: Oxford University
Press (2nd Edition, 1955); (ii) Tribal
Legislation among the Tswana,London:
Percy Lund, Humphries, for the London School of Economics and Political
Science (1943); and (iii) The
Political Annals of a Tswana Tribe, University
of Cape Town, School of African Studies: Communications, new
series, No. 18 (1947).6.Wilson, G. The Constitution of Ngonde, Livingstone:Rhodes-Livingstone
Institute, Rhodes-Livingstone Paper 3 (1939).1.Evans-Pritchard, E. E. (i) Kinship
and Marriage among
the Nuer (item
4); and (ii) Some Aspects of Marriage, and the Family among the Nuer, Livingstone: Rhodes-Livingstone
Institute, Rhodes-Livingstone Paper No. 11 (1945).2.Fortes, M. The Web of Kinship
among the Tallensi, London:
Oxford University Press for the International African Institute (1949).3.Gluckman,
M. ‘Kinship
and Marriage among the Lozi of Northern Rhodesia and the Zulu of
Natal’ in African
Systems of Kinship and Marriage (item 21, succeeding).4.Radcliffe-Brown,
A. R., and Forde, C. D. African Systems of Kinship
and Marriage, London: Oxford University Press for International African Institute(1950). (See especially ‘Introduction’ by Radcliffe-Brown,but also all
nine essays on various tribes.)5.Richards, A.
I. (i) Land, Labour and Diet in Northern Rhodesia, London: Oxford University
Press for International African Institute (1939); and (ii)Bemba Marriage and Modern Economic Conditions, Livingstone: Rhodes-Livingstone
Institute, Rhodes-Livingstone Paper No. 4 (1940).6.Schapera, I.Married Life in an African Tribe, London:Faber &
Faber (1940).1.Barnes, J.
A. Marriage in a Changing Society: A Study
in Structural Change among the Fort Jameson Ngoni, CapeTown: Oxford
University Press, Rhodes-Livingstone Paper No. 20 (1951).2.Forde, C. D.Marriage and the Family among the Yakö, London: Percy Lund, Humphries, for
the London School of Economics and Political Science (1941).3.Gulliver, P.
H. The Family Herds, London:
Routledge & Kegan Paul (1955).4.Holleman, J.
H. Shona Customary Law, Cape Town:Oxford
University Press for the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute (1952).5.Kaberry, P.
M. Women of the Grasslands (Bamenda,British
Cameroons), London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office,
Colonial Research Publication No. 14 (1953).6.Mayer P.Gusii Bridewealth and Customs， Cap Town: Oxford University Press, Rhodes-LivingstonePaper No.18
(1950).7.Peristiany,
J. G. The Social Institutions of the Kipsigis,London:
Routledge (1939).8.Phillip,A.,Mair,L., and
Harries, L. Survey of African Marriage and Family Life, London: Oxford UniversityPress for the
International African Institute (1953).9.Wilson, M.Good Company: A Study of Nyakyusa Age-Villages,. London:Oxford
University Press for the International African Institute (1951).1.Evans-Pritchard,
E. E. Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic among the
Azande of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Oxford: Clarendon Press (1937).2.Mitchell, J.
C. (i) The Yao Village, Manchester University Press for the
Rhodes-Livingstone Institute (1956); and (ii) ‘The African Conception ofCausality’ in Nyasaland Journal, iv (1951).1.Krige, E. J.
and J. D. The Realm of a Rain-Queen: A Study of the
Pattern of Lovedu Society, London: Oxford University Press (1943).2.Marwick, M.
G. ‘The
Social Context of Cewa Witch Beliefs’ in Africa, xxii (1952).3.Mayer, P. Witchcraft, Inaugural Lecture to the Rhodes University,
Grahamstown, South Africa.4.Nadel, S. F.
(i) Chapter VI in Nupe Religion (item
47 below);
and (ii) ‘Witchcraft in Four African Societies: An Essay in Comparison’ in American Anthropologist,54
(1952).5.Wilson, M. Good
Company (item 32).1.Fortes, M. Dynamics of
Clanship among the Tallensi (item 6).2.Gluckman, M. (i) Rituals of
Rebellion in South-East Africa (Frazer Lecture, 1952),
Manchester University Press (1954); (ii) ‘Zulu Women in Hoe CultureRitual’ in Bantu Studies, ix (1935); and (iii) ‘The Roleof the Sexes
in Wiko Circumcision Ceremonies’ in Social Structure: Essays Presented to A. R. Radclijfe-Brown (ed. M. Fortes), Oxford: Clarendon
Press (1950).3.Junod, H. A.The Life of a South African Tribe (Tsonga),London:
Macmillan (1927), Volume II.4.Kuper, H. An African Aristocracy (item 14).1.Colson, E.
(i) ‘Clans and the Joking Relationship among the Plateau Tonga of
Northern Rhodesia’ in Kroeber
Anthropological Society Papers,Nos. 8-9, Berkeley, California,
(1953); and (ii) ‘Ancestral Spirits and Social Structure among
the Plateau Tonga’ in International Archives of Ethnography, xlvii(1954).2.Evans-Pritchard,
E. E. Nuer Religion, Oxford:
Clarendon Press (in press).3.Forde, C. D.
(editor). African Worlds: [Nine] Studies in the Cosmological Ideas and
Social Values ofAfrican Peoples, London: Oxford University
Press for the International African Institute (1954).4.Nadel, S. F. Nupe Religion, London: Routledge
& Kegan Paul (1954).5.Sundkler, B.
G. M. Bantu Prophets in South Africa,London:
Lutterworth (1948).1.Bryant, A.
T. (i) Olden Times in Zululand and Natal, London: Longmans (1929); and (ii) The Zulu People, Pietermaritzburg:
Shuter & Shooter (1949).2.Gluckman, M.
(i) ‘The Kingdom of the Zulu of South Africa’ in African Political Systems (item 7); (ii) ‘Analysis of a Social
Situation in Modern Zululand’ in Bantu Studies, xiv (1940); (iii) ‘Some Processesof Social
Change Illustrated with Zululand Data’ inAfrican Studies, (1942); and (iv) An Analysis of the Sociological
Theories of Bronislaw Malinowski, Cape Town: Oxford University Press,
Rhodes-Livingstone Paper No. 16 (1949).3.Ritter, E.
A. Shaka Zulu: The Rise of the Zulu
Empire, London: Longmans (1955).1.Allan, W.,
and others. Land Holding and Land Usage among the
Plateau Tonga of Mazabuka District, Cape Town: Oxford University
Press, Rhodes-Livingstone Paper No. 14 (1948).2.Barnes, J. A. Politics
in a Changing Society: A Political History of the Fort
Jameson Ngoni, London: Oxford University Press for the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute(1954).3.Busia, K. A.The Position of the Chief in
the Modern Political System of Ashanti, London: Oxford UniversityPress for the
International African Institute (1951).4.Epstein, A. L. (i) The
Administration of Justice and the Urban
African, London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office (1953); and (ii) Juridical Techniques and the Judicial Process, Manchester: University Press,
Rhodes-Livingstone Paper No. 23 (1954).5.Hellmann, E.Rooiyard: A Sociological Study of an
Urban Native Slumyard, Cape Town: Oxford UniversityPress,
Rhodes-Livingstone Paper No. 13 (1948).6.Hellmann, E.
(editor). Handbook on Race Relations in South
Africa, Cape
Town: Oxford University Press for the South African Institute of
Race Relations (1949).7.Hunter, M. Reaction to Conquest: Effects of Contact
with Europeans on the Pondo of South Africa, London: OxfordUniversity
Press for the International AfricanInstitute
(1936).8.Kuper, H. The Uniform of Colour: The
Influence of Western Civilization on the Swazi of the Protectorate, Johannesburg: Witwatersrand
University Press (1947).9.Mair, L. An African People in the Twentieth Century (Baganda), London: Routledge(1934).10.Mitchell,
J. C. African Urbanization in Ndola andLuanshya, Lusaka: Rhodes-Livingstone
Institute, Communication No. 6 (1954).11.Richards,
A. I. (editor). Economic Development and Tribal
Change: A Study of Immigrant Labour in Buganda,Cambridge:
Heffer, for the East African Institute of Social Research (no date:
1954).12.Schapera,
I. (i) Native Land Tenure in the
Bechuanaland Protectorate, Alice (South Africa): Lovedale . Press(1943); and
(ii) Migrant Labour and Tribal Life: A Study of
Conditions in the Bechuanaland Protectorate,London:
Oxford University Press (1947).13.Wilson, G. An Essay on the Economics of Detribalizationin Northern Rhodesia, Livingstone:
Rhodes-Livingstone Institute, Rhodes-Livingstone Papers Nos. 5 and
6.14.Wilson, G.
and M. The Analysis of Social Change, Cambridge University Press (1945).推荐阅读（格拉克曼系列）
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